Ergotherapy is a therapeutic approach that has been in use since the time of World War as a fundamental component of rehabilitation, and is also known as “Occupational Therapy”. Ergotherapists work with individuals who, due to illness or impairment, are obliged to relearn basic tasks and occupations, assisting in their industrial adaptation by contributing to their return-to-work process or the learning of a new profession. The goal of ergotherapy practice is to reduce the existing pathology, protect and maintain health, preserve and increase the level of the patient’s independence and productivity. While this profession is currently only of interest in the area of rehabilitation in our country, abroad it is considered one of the professions of the future abroad.